Abstract—The cooperation between higher educational institutions and industry has been strong in Finland. A synergistic relationship has often been observed between the two institutions through joint research projects and education cooperation, particularly in the field of technology. Doctoral education has traditionally been offered at universities. However, it has also taken on new forms, such as PhD education in cooperation with industry, which has consequently provided graduates with the right knowledge and skills for companies. The Ostrobothnia region in Finland is known for its leading energy industry. This paper aims to gather statistical data on the education levels in this area. Furthermore, another goal is to explore how companies in Ostrobothnia perceive cooperation with universities, particularly in the context of PhD education. Semi-structured interviews with regional industrial partners were conducted to gain insight into industry-university interaction. The findings from statistical research suggest that the number of doctorates in Ostrobothnia is low, particularly in Technology, Natural Sciences, and Information Technology. The survey's findings highlight both the strengths and weaknesses observed in the current means of cooperation. Based on these results, the paper discusses key factors to consider when developing industrial PhD cooperation in the region. 
 

Keywords—university-industry cooperation, doctoral education, industrial PhD, regional development, Ostrobothnia, interview study 

Cite: Jessica Tuuf, Satu Laitila, Madelene Orre, and Margareta Björklund-Sänkiaho, "Are the Necessary Prerequisites in Place to Facilitate Industrial PhD Collaboration with the Industry in Ostrobothnia, Finland?," International Journal of Learning and Teaching, Vol. 11, No. 6, pp. 334-345, 2025.

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